Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Sciences

Current Issue

By Issue

By Subject

Keyword Index

Author Index

About Journal

FAQ

Peer Review Process

News

Aims and Scope

Editorial Board

Editorial Staff

Publication Ethics

Indexing and Abstracting

Related Links

The inhibitory role of effective microorganisms on the growth of pathogenic bacteria

,

Document Type : Research Paper

Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of Effective Microorganisms (EM1®) for inhibiting the growth of some pathogenic bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and E. coli were used in this study and isolated from pathological conditions. These bacteria were diagnosed in laboratory of microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Mosul. The colonies that taken from blood agar were 5-7 and cultured in the nutrient broth and incubated at 37 ºC for 24 hours. Bacterial growth was calibrated with the second tube of the McFarland tubes 0.5%. Several concentrations of EM product were prepared 1, 0.5, 0.25 and 0.125%. Decimal dilutions were done for each concentration of EM product with bacterial suspension, except control group was done for bacterial suspension with nutrient broth. The bacterial count was done on nutrient agar, milk agar and EMB agar. The results of this study showed that the product of EM1® within concentrations 0.5-1% was highly efficient in inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria under study. The bacterial count of both S. aureus and E. coli was 54x107 and 52x107 CFU/ ml respectively at 1% EM1®, and 67x107 and 86x107 CFU/ ml respectively at 0.5%, while the counting of the control group was 42x109 and 67x109 CFU/ ml respectively. This study concluded that EM1® at low concentrations have a clear role in inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria, particularly S. aureus and E. coli.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References
  1. Spencer JFT, Ragout de Spencer AL. Public health microbiology: Methods and Protocols. New York: Humana Press Inc; 2004. 123-124p. ISBN-13: 978-1617373718
  2. Cameron S, Crerar S, Geue A,Cloud- Guest A. Foodborne disease  Towards reducing foodborne illness in Australia. From the Foodborne Disease Working Party for the Communicable Diseases Network Australia and New Zealand. Technical Report Series No. 2: Commonwealth of Australia; 1997. ISBN 0 642 367434. https://www1.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/Content/cda-cditech-foodborne.htm/$FILE/foodbrne.pdf
  3. Kelly L, Smith DL, Snary EL, Johnson JA, Harris AD, Wooldrige M, Morris JG. Animal growth promoters: To ban or not to ban? a risk assessment approach. Int J Antimicrobial Agents. 2004;24:205-212. DOI:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2004.04.007
  4. Huang TM, Lin TL, Wu CC. Antimicrobial susceptibility and resistance of chicken Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., and Pasteurella multocida isolates. Avian Dis. 2009;53:89-93. DOI: 10.1637/8268-021608-Reg.1
  5. Levy SB. The challenge of antibiotic resistance. New York: Scientific American; 1998. 46-53 p. DOI: 10.1038/scientificamerican0398-46
  6. Wu JR, Shieh HK, Shien JH, Gong SR, Chang PC. Molecular characterization of plasmids with antimicrobial resistant genes in avian isolates of Pasteurella multocida. Avian Dis. 2003;47:1384-1392. DOI: 10.1637/z7035
  7. Hegazy ESR. Effective microorganisms as an alternative to antibiotics [MSc thesis]. Cairo: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Egypt; 2013. 1-126. https://inis.iaea.org/collection/NCLCollectionStore/_Public/46/066/46066325.pdf
  8. Higa T. Kyusei nature farming and environmental management through effective microorganisms: The past, present and future [Internet]. 2012. http://www.infrc.or.jp/english/ KNF_Data_Base_Web/7th _ Conf_KP_ 2.html
  9. Condor AF, Gonzaler P, Lakre C. Effective microorganisms: myth or reality?. Peruvian J Biol. 2007;14:315-319. http://agritonsverige.se/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/2013-Effective-microorganisms-and-their-influence-on-vegetable-product....pdf
  10. Wondmeneh E, Getachew T, Dessie T. Effect of effective microorganisms (EM®) on the growth parameters of fayoumi and horro chicken. Inter J Poult Sci. 2011;10(3):185-188. DOI: 10.392/ijps.2011.185.188
  11. Esatu W, Terefe G, Dessie T. Immunomodulatory effect of effective microorganisms (EM) in chickens. Res J Immunol. 2012;5(1):17-23. DOI: 10.3923/rji.2012.17.23
  12. Jwher DM, Abd SK, Mohammad AG. The study of using effective microorganisms (EM) on health and performance of broiler chicks. Iraqi J Vet Sci. 2013;27(2):73-78. DOI:10.33899/ijvs.2013.82784
  13. Javaid A. Beneficial microorganisms for sustainable agriculture. Sus Agri Rev. 2010;4:347-369. DIO:10.1007/978-90-481-8741-6_12
  14. Javaid A, Bajwa R. Field evaluation of effective microorganisms (EM) application for growth, nodulation, and nutrition of mungbean. Turkish J Agri Forest. 2011;35:443-452. DOI: 10.3906/tar-1001-599
  15. Olle M, Williams IH. Effective microorganisms and their influence on vegetable production: A review. J Horticult Sci Biotechnol. 2013;88:(4)380-386.DOI: 10.1080/14620316.2013.11512979
  16. Namsivayam SKR, Narendrakumar G, Kumar JA. Evaluation of effective microorganism (EM) for treatment of domestic sewage. J Ex Sci. 2011;2(7):30-32. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/85b8/ 26988f2a6bd5804c1b90522290108f4f3221.pdf
  17. Souza CF, Gates RS, Batista MD, Tinoco IFF. Effective microorganisms (EM) as biofeeders for anaerobic digestion. Eng Agricult. 2017;25(6):491-499. DOI : 10.13083/reveng.v25i6.687
  18. Omar WA, Abdel Salam RG, Mahmoud HM. The use of effective microorganism (EM) as a probiotic on cultured Nile tilapia, oreochromisniloticus. Egyptian J Zool. 2017;67:67-90. DOI: 10.12816/0037795
  19. Kim HN, Yim B, Kim ST. Effect of reducing the odor of food wastes using effective microorganism (EM). J Korean Soc Environ Eng. 2016;38(4):162-168.DIO:10.4491/KSEE.2016.38.4.162
  20. AbMuttalib SA, Ismail SNS, Praveena SM. Application of effective microorganism (EM) in food waste composting: A review. Asia Pacific Environ Occu Health J. 2016;2(2):37- 47. http://www.apeohj.org/apeohj/ojs/index.php/apeohj/index
  21. Bzdyk RM, Olchowik J, Studnicki M, Oszako T, Sikora K, Szmidla H, Hilszczanska D. The impact of effective microorganisms (EM) and organic and mineral fertilizers on the growth and mycorrhizal colonization of Fagussylvatica and Quercusrobur seedlings in a Bare-Root nursery experiment. Forests. 2018;9:597.DOI: 10.3390/f9100597.
  22. Rhaymah MSH, Al-Obaidi QT, Hamad MA, Altalby MA. Mastitis in mare: case report. Iraqi J Vet Sci. 2018; 32(1):109-111. DOI: 10.33899/ijvs.2018.153831.
  23. Sadeq JN, Fahed KhH, Hassan HJ. Detection of Escherichia coli hlyA gene and Staphylococcus aureus sea gene in raw milk of buffaloes using RT-PCR technique in AL-Qadisiyah province. Iraqi J Vet Sci. 2018; 32(1):87-91. DOI: 10.33899/ijvs.2018.153815.
  24. Cappuccino JG, Welsh C. Microbiology a laboratory manual. 11th ed. England: Pearson Education Limited; 2018. 123 p. https://www.pearson.com/store/p/microbiology-a-laboratory-manual/P100002136161
  25. Tille PM, Bailey S. Diagnostic microbiology.14th ed. New York: Elsevier Inc; 2017. 217 p. https://evolve.elsevier.com/cs/ product/9780323354820?role=student
  26. Yusof NZ, Samsuddin NS, Hanif MF, Osman SB. Peat soils stabilization using effective microorganisms (EM). IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 2018;140:1-8. doi :10.1088/1755-1315/140/1/012088
  27. Jwher DM. Effects of feeding effective microorganisms on blood levels of antibodies to Newcastle disease virus vaccine and trace element in broiler chicks. Assiut Vet Med J. 2014;6(141):38-44. DOI:10.33899/ijvs.2013.82784
  28. Safwat SM, Rozaik E. Growth inhibition of various pathogenic microorganisms using effective microorganisms (EM). Inter J Res Eng. 2018;4(12):283-286. DOI:10.21276/ijre.2017.4.12.2
  29. Nuengjamnong C, Luangtongkum T. Effects of effective microorganisms on growth performances, ammonia reduction, hematological changes and shedding of Salmonella enterica and Campylobacter spp. in broiler. Thai J Vet Med. 2014;44(1):15-22. http://www.thaiscience.info/Journals/Article/TJVM/10961874.pdf
  30.  Rahman S, Siddique M, Hussain T, Hussain S, Ansar M. An in vitro antibacterial activity of different effective microorganism cultures against pathogenic species. Pakistan J Biol Sci. 1999;2(1):214-216 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.1999.214.216.
  31. Botlhoko TD. Performance of Clostridium perfringens- challenged broilers inoculated with effective microorganisms [MSc Thesis]. South Africa: Department of Animal and Wildlife Sciences, University of Pretoria; 2009. 1-65. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/9d37/2bb6ba7ec1979eb812ed371a0a6d3c48f5a6.pdf
  32. Vicente, JL, Avina L, Torres-Rodriguez A, Hargis B, Tellez G. Effect of a Lactobacillus sp based probiotic culture product on broiler chick's performance under commercial conditions. Int J Poult Sci. 2007;6(3):154-156. DOI: 10.3923/ijps.2007.154.156
  33.  Panda AK, Reddy MR, Rao SVR, Raju MV, Praharaj NK. Growth, carcass characteristics, immunocompetence and response to Escherichia coli of broilers fed diets with various levels of probiotic. Archiv fur Geflugelkunde. 2000;64:152-156.   https://www.european -poultry-science.com/artikel.dll/2000-64-152-156_NDk3MDk3MQ. PDF.

Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Sciences
Volume 34, Issue 1
January 2020
Page 153-158
Files
History
  • Received: 03 May 2019
  • Revised: 24 June 2019
  • Accepted: 03 July 2019
  • Published: 01 January 2020
Share
Export Citation
Statistics